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Source Image: PR210_04_07 of Panel B of Arch of Constantine

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Description

Detail of garland and flag.

Monument
Arch of Constantine 
Monument Part
Panel B 
Monument Type
Relief 
Material(s)
Marble (Visual identification)  
Date
circa ad 176 - circa ad 180 
Keywords
BuildingFlagGarland  
Collections
Arch of Constantine, Rome  

Location

Original Location
Rome 

Evidence for working practices

1. - Toolmarks

Process
Detailing
Tool
Drill
Method
Vertical (90°)
Description
Drill holes can be seen in the garland where they were used to give depth to the relief and define the edges of the leaves.

1. - Toolmarks

Process
Smoothing
Tool
Flat Chisel
Method
Angle: Shallow (40-50°)
Force: Gentle
Description
Marks of the flat chisel can be seen on the background.

Notes

Large scenes like this which were carved to be inserted into monuments and had to be visible from some distance away are rarely carefully smoothed all over. In this case the background is smoothed with the flat chisel but there are very few rasp marks on these scenes and no sign of polishing. Free-standing statues that were often viewed much more closely, of course, were treated differently.

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