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Source Image: PR210_01_23 of Tondo B of Arch of Constantine

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Description

Detail of emperor and tree.

Monument
Arch of Constantine 
Monument Part
Tondo B 
Monument Type
Relief 
Material(s)
Marble (Visual identification)  
Date
circa ad 117 - circa ad 138 
Keywords
HeadClothingEmperorTreeSacrifice  
Collections
Arch of Constantine, Rome  

Location

Original Location
Rome 

Evidence for working practices

1. - Toolmarks

Process
Fine shaping
Tool
Roundel
Method
Angle: Shallow (40-50°)
Force: Gentle
Description
The texture on the tree is applied using the roundel.

1. - Toolmarks

Process
Smoothing
Tool
Rasp
Description
The background is smoothed using the rasp.

2. Toolmarks

Process
Detailing
Tool
Drill
Method
Vertical (90°)
Description
Drill holes are visible in several places on the tree where they were used to create a sense of texture.

Notes

The intentional creation of texture of the tree in this detail is similar to the handling of trees on the Column of Trajan. The deliberate use of different tools for different surface finishes is characteristic of these major monuments in Rome from the Trajanic period onwards.

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