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Source Image: PR301_09_04 of Claudius with Land and Sea panel of Aphrodisias: Sebasteion

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Description

Diagram of toolmarks on the Sebasteion panel depicting Claudius with Land and Sea.

Monument
Aphrodisias: Sebasteion 
Monument Part
Claudius with Land and Sea panel 
Monument Type
Relief 
Material(s)
Aphrodisian marble (Visual identification)  
Date
circa ad 20 - circa ad 60 
Keywords
ClaudiusAllegorical Figure  
Collections
Aphrodisias, Site and Museum  

Location

Original Location
Aphrodisias 
Current Location
Aphrodisias Museum 

Evidence for working practices

1. Toolmarks

Process
Roughing-out
Tool
Point
Description
Vestiges of roughing-out with the point chisel are visible on the bottom of the relief and other areas which would not have been visible from the ground, such as the areas around the figures of Land and Sea and above the emperor's head.

2. - Toolmarks

Process
Flattening
Tool
Tooth Chisel
Description
The background is flattened with the tooth chisel.

2. - Toolmarks

Process
Rough shaping
Tool
Tooth Chisel
Description
Rough work with the flat chisel is visible in less prominent areas of all the figures.

3. Toolmarks

Process
Fine shaping
Tool
Flat Chisel
Description
Most of the flesh of the figures is worked finely with the flat chisel.

4. Toolmarks

Process
Detailing
Tool
Drill
Description
There is limited use of the drill on the emperor's hair and face and in the leaves of the cornucopia.

5. Toolmarks

Process
Outlining
Tool
Channelling Tool
Description
A channelling tool has been used to carve the deep folds in the drapery and to outline the figures in certain places.

Notes

This diagram shows the documentation system used by Peter Rockwell in his analysis of the toolmarks visible on the Sebasteion.

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