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Source Image: PR320_01_12 of Marks and Garland Frieze (Izmir) of Aphrodisias: South Agora

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Description

Detail of a block of the masks and garlands frieze from the South Agora at Aphrodisias, now in Izmir.

Monument
Aphrodisias: South Agora 
Monument Part
Marks and Garland Frieze (Izmir) 
Monument Type
Architecture 
Material(s)
Aphrodisian marble (Visual identification)  
Date
bc None 
Keywords
MaskGarlandEntablature  
Collections
Aphrodisias, Site and Museum  

Location

Original Location
Izmir Archaeological Museum 

Evidence for working practices

1. Toolmarks

Process
Roughing-out
Tool
Point
Method
Angle: Vertical (90°)
Force: Medium
Description
Point chiselling can seen on the left side of this mask where rough stone has been left for final finishing in place.

2. Toolmarks

Process
Rough shaping
Tool
Roundel
Method
Angle: Steep (60-70°)
Force: Gentle
Description
The lower part of the mask is worked with a round-headed chisel held closer to the vertical than normal.

3. Toolmarks

Process
Fine shaping
Tool
Flat Chisel
Method
Angle: Shallow (40-50°)
Force: Gentle
Description
The forehead of the mask has been more carefully worked with the flat chisel, as have the eyes.

4. Toolmarks

Process
Detailing
Tool
Drill
Method
Vertical (90°)
Description
Drilling is visible in the garland on the right.

5. Toolmarks

Process
Detailing
Tool
Channelling Tool
Method
Angle: Shallow (40-50°)
Force: Gentle
Description
A channelling tool was used following drilling in the garland to create deep grooves.

Notes

On many of the blocks of this mask and garland frieze, which are now split between Aphrodisias and the Archaeological Museum in Izmir, a difference in finish between the masks and garlands can be noted which might suggest a division of labour between specialist garland and figure carvers. There is also a marked difference in technique and quality between blocks, suggesting that a range of carvers were involved in this major municipal project.

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