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Source Image: PR301_03_03 of Claudius with Land and Sea panel of Aphrodisias: Sebasteion

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Description

Detail of the Sebasteion panel depicting Claudius with Land and Sea.

Monument
Aphrodisias: Sebasteion 
Monument Part
Claudius with Land and Sea panel 
Monument Type
Relief 
Material(s)
Aphrodisian marble (Visual identification)  
Date
circa ad 20 - circa ad 60 
Keywords
ClaudiusAllegorical Figure  
Collections
Aphrodisias, Site and Museum  

Location

Original Location
Aphrodisias 
Current Location
Aphrodisias Museum 

Evidence for working practices

1. Toolmarks

Process
Roughing-out
Tool
Point
Method
Angle: Steep (60-70°)
Force: Hard
Description
Point chisel marks can be seen along the edge of the cornucopia and the figure of Land. These are the remains of roughing-out work left in areas not visible from the ground.

2. Toolmarks

Process
Roughing-out
Tool
Point
Method
Angle: Steep (60-70°)
Force: Medium
Description
More delicate work with the point chisel can be seen in and around the head of the emperor.

3. Toolmarks

Process
Flattening
Tool
Tooth Chisel
Method
Angle: Shallow (40-50°)
Force: Medium
Description
Most of the background is flattened with the tooth chisel.

4. Toolmarks

Process
Fine shaping
Tool
Flat Chisel
Method
Angle: Shallow (40-50°)
Force: Medium
Description
Flat chisel marks are visible on the front of the cornucopia and figures.

Notes

Even though this is arguably one of the most important reliefs on the Sebasteion there is a considerable amount of rough work left in those areas which would not have been immediately visible from the ground. This is a key feature of the Sebasteion panels suggesting a relatively loose approach to carving on the part of the Aphrodisian sculptors.

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