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Source Image: PR210_04_20 of Panel A of Arch of Constantine

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Description

Detail of garland.

Monument
Arch of Constantine 
Monument Part
Panel A 
Monument Type
Relief 
Material(s)
Marble (Visual identification)  
Date
circa ad 176 - circa ad 180 
Keywords
HeadBuildingLargitioGarland  
Collections
Arch of Constantine, Rome  

Location

Original Location
Rome 

Evidence for working practices

1. - Toolmarks

Process
Outlining
Tool
Flat Chisel
Method
Angle: Shallow (40-50°)
Force: Gentle
Description
A flat chisel has been used to carefully outline each of these leaves with a deep channel.

1. - Toolmarks

Process
Smoothing
Tool
Flat Chisel
Method
Angle: Shallow (40-50°)
Force: Gentle
Description
The marks of the flat chisel can be seen on the background where it was used to smooth the surface.

1. - Toolmarks

Process
Detailing
Tool
Flat Chisel
Method
Angle: Shallow (40-50°)
Force: Gentle
Description
Marks of veins on the surface of the leaves are incised using a flat chisel.

Notes

The garland in this detail is finished quite differently from other garlands on the Antonine reliefs indicating a range of craftsmen responsible, each with slightly different approaches.

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